Which of the following is a common side effect of thiazide diuretics?

Thiazide diuretics are widely known for their utility in treating hypertension and managing fluid retention due to conditions such as heart failure. One of the most significant and common side effects associated with the use of thiazide diuretics is hypokalemia, which is a condition characterized by low levels of potassium in the blood.

Thiazide diuretics work by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron. This process leads to increased excretion of sodium and water. However, they also increase the renal excretion of potassium, which can lead to a depletion of serum potassium levels. This hypokalemic effect makes it necessary for clinicians to monitor potassium levels in patients undergoing treatment with these agents to prevent complications such as muscle weakness, arrhythmias, and other issues associated with low potassium.

In contrast, options like hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) and hypertension (high blood pressure) do not typically arise from thiazide use; in fact, thiazide diuretics are intended to decrease blood pressure. Hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose levels) is a potential side effect related to thiazides but is less directly associated than hypokalemia. Therefore, hypokalemia