Which treatment option is preferred for mitral regurgitation (MR)?

Annuloplasty is often the preferred treatment option for mitral regurgitation, particularly in cases where the MR is due to annular dilation or deformity of the mitral valve. This surgical procedure involves reshaping and tightening the annulus, which can significantly reduce the regurgitation and restore proper valve function. It is less invasive than valve replacement and has been shown to provide good outcomes, particularly in patients with specific types of MR, such as functional MR that results from left ventricular enlargement.

Patients with significant symptoms or severe MR that affects quality of life typically benefit from this intervention, as it can lead to improved symptoms, better quality of life, and enhanced long-term survival rates. Annuloplasty is especially indicated in cases where the valve can be repaired rather than replaced, which can reduce overall risks associated with surgery and is often associated with shorter recovery times.

In contrast, valve replacement, while a viable option in certain situations, tends to be more invasive and comes with a greater risk of complications and the need for long-term anticoagulation therapy if a mechanical valve is used. Medication management generally aims at symptom control and is not curative, making it suitable for patients with mild symptoms or those who are not surgical candidates. Observation and monitoring can be